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蓝宝石晶体在液氦环境下介质损耗极低，回音壁模式的谐振腔品质因数值达到1×109量级，由此制成的振荡器具有超低相位噪声和较高中短期频率稳定度等特性。设计并研制了工作在WGH15,0,0的蓝宝石谐振腔，采用GM制冷机为其提供低温环境，温度峰峰值波动优于±5 mK,振动优于±1μm。蓝宝石谐振腔工作在频率-温度拐点温度6.98 K处，无载品质因数为1.8×108。利用谐振腔和放大器构成的振荡环路在满足Barkhausen条件下实现了9.98 GHz的微波信号输出，同时利用Pound锁频的方法把振荡频率锁定在蓝宝石谐振腔的谐振频率上，并且对振荡环路进行功率稳定控制，从而获得高频率稳定度和低相位噪声的微波信号，相位噪声为-88 dBc/Hz@1 Hz,秒级频率稳定度为1.2×10-13。
Abstract：Sapphire crystal has very low dielectric loss in liquid helium, and the quality factor(Q) value can reach 1×109 working at whispering gallery modes.The oscillator made by this method has ultra-low phase noise and high short and medium term frequency stability.A sapphire resonator working at WGH15,0,0 is designed and developed.A GM cryocooler is used to provide a cryogenic environment for the resonator, and the temperature peak-to-peak fluctuation is better than ±5 mK,and the vibration is better than ±1 μm.The sapphire resonator works at the frequency-temperature inflection point temperature 6.98 K,and the Q0 value is 1.8×108.The oscillator loop composed of the resonator and the amplifier can generate microwave signal under the Barkhausen condition, and the microwave signal output at 9.98 GHz is realized.At the same time, Pound frequency locking method is used to lock the oscillator frequency to the sapphire resonator, and the power stability control is carried out to obtain the microwave signal with high frequency stability and low phase noise.The phase noise is-88 dBc/Hz@1 Hz.The second frequency stability of the low temperature sapphire oscillator is 1.2×10-13at second.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.13875/j.issn.1674-0637.2025-03-0167-07
中图分类号:TN752
引用信息:
[1]范思晨,雷鹏越,赵义发,等.6.98 K低温蓝宝石振荡器研制[J].时间频率学报,2025,48(03):167-173.DOI:10.13875/j.issn.1674-0637.2025-03-0167-07.
基金信息:
中国科学院重大科技基础设施维修改造(DSS-WXGZ-2020-0005);中国科学院科学仪器研制(YJKYYQ20200020); 陕西省重点研发计划(2023-YBGY-402)